C O N T E N T S.

------

CHAPTER I.

Earliest Colonists Under the Conduct of Mr. Oglethorpe---His Eminent Fitness for the Position of Founder of the Contemplated Plantation---Arrival at Charles-Town, and at Beaufort-Town---Selection of Yamacraw Bluff as the Site for Primal Settlement---Description of the Locality---Tomo-chi-chi, and Oglethorpe's First Interview with him and his Tribe---The Colonists Entertained at Beaufort-Town---Their Arrival and Location at Savannah17

CHAPTER II.

Early Labors of the Colonists at Savannah---Oglethorpe's Letters to the Trustees---Generous Aid Extended by the Authorities of South Carolina, and Private Benefactions from her Inhabitants---Mutual Dependence of the Two Plantations---Description of Savannah Furnished by Gentlemen from South Carolina---Mr. Oglethorpe's Visit to Charles-Town22

CHAPTER III.

Original Cession of Territory from the Crown to the Trustees for Establishing the Colony of Georgia---Importance of an Early and Amicable Extinguishment of the Indian Title to the Granted Lands---Oglethorpe's Pacific Policy Toward the Red Men---Tomo-chi-chi, his Character and Influence---Treaty with the Creeks---Articles of Friendship and Commerce30

CHAPTER IV.

Arrival of the Ship James---Fort Argyle Built and Garrisoned---The Villages of High-Gate and Hampstead Located and Peopled---Forts at Thunderbolt and on Skidoway Island---Joseph's Town---Abercorn---Irene---The Horse Quarter---Early Plantations---Manchecolas Forst at Skidoway Narrows---Tybee Lighthouse---Plan of Savannah---Names of its Squares, Streets, Wards, and Tithings---Arrival of Hebrew Immigrants---Deed Showing First Allotment of Town Lots, Garden Lots, and Farms in Savannah, and Containing the Names of the Original Grantees44

CHAPTER V.

Mr. Oglethorpe Visits the Southern Confines of the Province---Arrival of the Saltzburgers and their Location at Ebenezer---Baron Von Reck's Impressions of Savannah---Oglethorpe Visits England, and is Accompanied by Tomo-chi-chi and Other Indians---Influence of this Visit Upon the Native Population---Acts Passed Prohibiting the Introduction of Rum and Negro Slaves---Silk Culture---Arrival of the Moravians and of the Highlanders---Settlements at Darien, at Frederica, and at New Ebenezer---Progress of Colonization---Beacon on Tybee Island---Francis Moore's Description of Savannah61

CHAPTER VI.

The Brothers, John and Charles Wesley, in Georgia76

CHAPTER VII.

Causton's Defalcation---Depressed Financial Condition of the Province---Industries of the Colonists at Savannah---Composition of Disagreements with the South Carolina Indian Traders, and with the Creeks---Petition from the Bailiffs and Inhabitants of Savannah for an Enlargement of Land Tenures, and for the Introduction of Negro Slaves---Opposition on the Part of General Oglethorpe---Malcontents at Savannah99

CHAPTER VIII.

General Oglethorpe's addresses the Citizens of Savannah---Military Strength of the Town in 1739---Death and Burial of Tomo-chi-chi---A Monument should be Erected to his Memory---General Oglethorpe Returns to England---Colonel William Stephens Designated as President of the Colony---Disappointment Experienced in all Efforts to Promote Silk Culture and the Growth of the Vine115

CHAPTER IX.

Mary and Thomas Bosomworth---Hostile Demonstration by the Creek Indians, in Savannah, in Support of Mary Bosomworth's Pretensions---Settlement of her Claim122

CHAPTER X.

Rev. George Whitefield---Bethesda Orphan House---Hon. James Habersham---Scheme to Convert the Bethesda Orphan House into a "Seminary of Literature and Academical Learning"---Death of Mr. Whitefield---His Will---Lady Huntington130

CHAPTER XI.

Georgia Divided into Two Counties---Colonel William Stephens Appointed President---His Death at Bewlie---Mr. Parker Succeeds to his Office---Negro Slavery and the Importation of Spiritous Liquors Permitted---Land Tenures Enlarged---Commercial House of Harris & Habersham---First Provincial Assembly---Qualification for Membership---First General Muster---The Trustees Surrender their Charter---Patrick Graham Succeeds Mr. Parker as President of the Colony.140

CHAPTER XII.

Captain John Reynolds, the first Royal Governor of Georgia---His Report upon the Condition of the Province, and of Savannah in 1754---Recommends the Removal of the Seat of Government to Hardwicke---Courts Established in Savannah---Population and Military Strength of the Province---Governor Reynold's Representation for the Defense of Savannah---Governor Henry Ellis---His Admirable Administration of Public Affairs---Georgia Divided into Parishes---Christ Church---Act Favoring the Erection of Churches in Sympathy with the Tenets of the Established Church of England---Legislation with Regard to Savannah---Conference with the Creek Indians---Heat in Savannah---Retirement of Governor Ellis.152

CHAPTER XIII.

Governor James Wright---His Admirable Qualifications for Office---Population and Military Strenth of the Province---Occupations of the Colonists---Condition of Savannah---Fortifications of the Town---Construction of its Wharves---Health of Savannah---Four Additional Parishes Created---Improvement in the Condition of Affairs---Representation in the Provincial Assembly---Improper Conduct of Chief Justice Grover.169

CHAPTER XIV.

Stamp Act of 1765---Profound Impression Created in Savannah---Convention of the 2nd of September---Governor Wright's Letters of the 31st of January and the 7th of February, 1776---Declaration of Rights---Stamps Issued in Savannah---Joy upon the Repeal of the Act176

CHAPTER XV.

Marked Improvement in the Condition of the Province---Silk-Culture---Convention of the 3d of September, 1768---Benjamin Franklin Appointed the Agent of Georgia---Meeting of Savannah Merchants on the 16th of September, 1769---Patriotic Resolutions Adopted in Savannah---Non-Importation Agreement---Suspension of the Hon. Jonathan Bryan as a Member of Council---Revolutionary Temper of the Lower House of Assembly---Dr. Noble Wymberly Jones---Governor Wright Visits England---The Hon. James Habersham Governor of Georgia During his Absence.186

CHAPTER XVI.

The Eighth Provincial Assembly Dissolved by Governor Habersham---Governor Wright Complimented with a Baronetcy---Convention of the 20th of October, 1773---Effect Produced in Savannah by the Passage of the Boston Port Bill---Meeting of Leading Citizens at Tondee's Tavern on the 27th of July, 1774.---Governor Wright Alarmed at the Revolutionary Movements---Admirable Resolutions of the 10th of August, 1774---Division of Political Sentiment in Georgia---The Georgia Gazette---Protests from Several Parishes---Parish of St. John---Meeting of the 8th of December, 1774---Provincial Congress of January 18, 1775---Independent Action of St. John's Parish---Dr. Lyman Hall---Embarrassing Position of Governor Wright195

CHAPTER XVII.

News of the Affairs at Lexington and Concord---The Powder Magazine in Savannah Broken Open and much of the Powder Removed by the Liberty Boys---The King's Cannon Dismounted---First Liberty Pole in Savannah---Meeting of the 22d of June---Mob-Law---Capture of Captain Maitland's Powder Ship---Memorable Provincial Congress of July 4, 1775---Delegates Appointed to the Continental Congress---Article of Association---Council of Safety---The Militia Purged of its Loyal Element---Pitiable Plight of Governor Wright---Battalion Raised and Officered on the Continental Establishmentm210

CHAPTER XVIII.

Arrest of Governor Wright by Major Habersham---His Subsequent Escape to the Scarborough---His Communications to the Members of Council still in Savannah---Provincial Congress of January 22, 1776---Provisional Constitution of April, 1776---President Archibald Bulloch---First Passage at Arms in Georgia Between the Revolutionists and the King's Forces---Conduct and Resolutions of the Council of Safety---Affair on Tybee Island---Military Assistance from South Carolina219

CHAPTER XIX.

Promulgation, in Savannah, of the Declaration of Independence---King George III Interred in Effigy---General Charles Lee Plans an Expedition Against East Florida---Constitution of 1777---Military and Political Events---The Theater of War Transferred to the Southern Department---Reduction of Savannah Resolved upon---Invasion of Georgia by Colonels Fuser and Prevost---Successful Defense of Sunbury by Colonel John McIntosh---Colonel Campbell's Advance upon and Capture of Savannah in December, 1778---Details of the Affair---Losses Sustained by the Rebels233

CHAPTER XX.

Proclamations of Colonels Innis and Campbell, and Admiral Parker---Return of Governor Wright---Divided Government in Georgia---The French Alliance---Count d' Estaing---Preparations by the Allied Army to Dislodge the English from Savannah---Siege of Savannah in September and October, 1779248

CHAPTER XXI.

The Siege of Savannah Continued---Assault of the 9th of October, 1779---Repulse of the Allied Army---Count Pulaski---Estimate of Forces Engaged and of Losses Sustained---Names of the Killed and Wounded---Lieutenant Lloyd---Sergeant Jasper---Siege Raised---Departure of the French and Americans---War Vessels Composing the French Fleet---General Lincoln's Letter to Congress---Count d' Estaing---Death of Colonel Maitland---Pitiable Condition of the Sea Coast of Georgia274

CHAPTER XXII.

Deplorable Plight of the Rebel Inhabitants of Savannah---Damaged Condition of the Town---Proclamation of Governor Wright---Legislation by the Royalist Assembly---Governor Wright's Representation with Regard to Savannah and its Fortifications---Fall of Augusta---Colonels Twiggs and Jackson Move Forward for the Investment of Savannah---General Anthony Wayne Detached by General Green to Reinstate the Authority of the Union within the Limits of Georgia---Retaliatory Measures of General Alured Clarke---Military Operations of Colonel Jackson and General Wayne---Negotiations for the Surrender of Savannah---The Town Evacuated by the King's Servants---Savannah Again in the Possession of the Revolutionists---Legislative Proceedings in Savannah---Colonel Jackson, and Generals Wayne and Green Complimented---Losses Sustained by Georgia During the Revolutionary War295

CHAPTER XXIII.

Early Legislation Affecting Savannah---The Town Divided into Wards---Incorporated into a City---Condition of the Place in 1782---Longevity of the Inhabitants---Formation of the Chatham Artillery---Ceremonies Observed upon the Sepulture of General Nathanael Greene---Death and Burial of General Samuel Elbert---Demise of the Hon. Jonathan Bryan---Cultivation of Cotton and Rice---Health of Savannah309

CHAPTER XXIV.

General Washington's Visit to Savannah, and the Ceremonies Observed on that Occasion---Georgia Society of the Order of the Cincinnati---Severe Fire of 1796---Fourth of July Celebrations---Death of Major John Habersham---Concluding Observations321

CHAPTER XXV.

MUNICIPAL HISTORY.

Visit of Aaron Burr---Severe Storm in 1804---First City Seal---War of 1812---Plans for Defending the City---Rejoicing Over Naval Victories---Reception to President Monroe---Yellow Fever Epidemic of 1820---Tour of General Lafayette---His Reception in Savannah---Building of Fort Pulaski---Death of Ex-President Jackson---Mexican War---Death of Colonel McIntosh---Visit of Ex-President Polk---Death of President Taylor---Reception to Ex-President Fillmore---Yellow Fever Epidemic---Destructive Gale in September, 1854330

CHAPTER XXVI.

THE WAR PERIOD.

Exciting Event in 1860---Secesson of South Carolina---Rejoicing in Savannah---Call for a State Convention---Governor Brown's Order---Seizure of Fort Pulaski---State Convention in Savannah---Unfurling of the Confederate Flag---Departure of the Oglethorpe Light Infantry---Death of General Bartow---Defenses of Savannah---General Lee in Savannah---Attack on Fort Pulaski---Surrender of the Garrison---Naval Assault on Fort McAllister---Sherman's March from Atlanta---Proclamation by the Mayor---The Federal Army before Savannah---Fort McAllister Attacked by a Land Force---Graphic Account of the Assault and its Capture---Plans for Evacuating the City---General Sherman's Demand for the Surrender of Savannah---Evacuation of the City---How the City was Surrendered---General Sherman's Order---Confiscation of Cotton---Destructive Fire of January, 1865---Return of Peace and Prosperity356

CHAPTER XXVII.

HISTORY OF THE MILITARY ORGANIZATIONS OF SAVANNAH.

Growth of Military Ideas---Chatham Artillery---Savannah Volunteer Guards---First Volunteer Regiment of Georgia---Georgia Hussars---Colored Military Companies388

CHAPTER XXVIII.

THE BENCH AND BAR.

History of the Bench and Bar417

CHAPTER XXIX.

THE MEDICAL PROFESSION OF SAVANNAH.

Sketches of some of the Most Prominent Physicians of Savannah, Past and Present---Medical Colleges---Georgia Medical Society436

CHAPTER XXX.

Commerce and Manufactures457

CHAPTER XXXI.

RAILROADS AND FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS OF SAVANNAH.

Central Railroad and Banking Company---History of its Organization and Growth---Ocean Steamship Company---Savannah, Florida and Western Railway---Savannah and Tybee Railroad---Central Railroad Bank---Merchants' National Bank---Savannah Bank and Trust Company---Southern Bank of the State of Georgia---National Bank of Savannah---The Oglethorpe Savings and Trust Company---Citizens' Bank---Title Guarantee and Loan Company---Building and Loan Associations479

CHAPTER XXXII.

CHURCHES OF SAVANNAH.

First Religious Instructors---Careers of the Wesleys in Savannah---Work of George Whitefield---Christ Church---St. John's Church---Congregation Mickva Israel---B'nai B'reth Jacob Synagogue---Lutheran Church---Independent Presbyterian---First Presbyterian---Methodist Churches---Baptist Churches---Roman Catholic Churches---Colored Churches492

CHAPTER XXXIII.

JOURNALISM.

History of Journalism516

CHAPTER XXXIV.

LITERARY, ART AND SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTIONS AND SPECIAL FEATURES OF ATTRACTION.

Georgia Historical Society---Catholic Library Association---Telfair Academy, Arts and Sciences---Savannah Parks and Suburban Attractions---Forsyth Park---Parade Ground---Beaulieu---Tybee Island---Thunderbolt---Isle of Hope---Jasper Springs---Daufuskie Island---Bonaventure---Laurel Grove Cemetery---Cathedral Cemetery---Greene, Confederate, Gordon and Jasper Monuments527

CHAPTER XXXV.

Benevolent Organizations and Hospitals---Social and Secret Societies545

ILLUSTRATIONS.

______________

Ballantyne, Thomasfacing page 464 | Lovell, Edwardfacing page 176
Dorsett, Charles Henryfacing page 536 | McDonough, John J.facing page 640
du Bignon, Fleming G.facing page 432 | McMahon, Captain Johnfacing page 348
Duncan, William, M. D.facing page 450 | Meldrim, Peter W.facing page 256
Estill, Col. John H.facing page 518 | Mercer, George A.facing page 136
Flannery, Johnfacing page 216 | Olmstead, Charles H.facing page 366
Guckenheimer, Simonfacing page 320 | Purse, Daniel G.facing page 488
Hartridge, Alfred Lamarfacing page 564 | Screven, Johnfacing page 400
Jones, Col. Charles C.facing page 56 | Thomas, Daniel R.facing page 594
Lawton, Gen. Alex. R.facing page 96 | Young, John R.facing page 288
Lester, Daniel B.facing page 610 |

___________________

BIOGRAPHICAL.

______________

Ballantyne, Thomas608 | Lovell, Edward618
Dorsett, Charles Henry615 | McDonough, John J.640
du Bignon, Fleming G.603 | McMahon, Captain John570
Duncan, William, M. D.613 | Meldrim, Peter W.612
Estill, Col. John H.562 | Mercer, George A.567
Flannery, John596 | Olmstead, Charles H.620
Guckenheimer, Simon630 | Purse, Daniel G.634
Hartridge, Alfred Lamar565 | Screven, John622
Jones, Col. Charles C.585 | Thomas, Daniel R.594
Lawton, Gen. Alex. R.575 | Young, John R.629
Lester, Daniel B.610 |

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